新疆野苹果次生代谢产物对虫害胁迫的响应

【目的】研究新疆野苹果(Malus sieversii)受到虫害胁迫诱导后相关次生代谢物质的变化及其产生规律,为保护利用新疆野苹果资源提供理论依据。【方法】以经过前期鉴定稳定遗传的抗虫株系为材料,利用液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)联用技术,定性定量测定次生代谢物质含量变化趋势。【结果】在自然条件下,香豆酸含量显著高于抗虫株系,含量分别为2.2×10⁴和0.5×10⁴ μg/mL,差异倍数达到4.4倍。反式肉桂酸、咖啡酸、香草酸、阿魏酸含量变化不大;虫害侵染胁迫条件下,羟基肉桂酰衍生物中的反式肉桂酸含量上升明显,达到极显著水平,含量分别为3.3×10⁴和2.2×10⁶ μg/mL,差异倍数为6.8倍。抗虫株系的咖啡酸含量极显著高于对照株系,提升倍数为3.8,阿魏酸含量也得到显著提升。对照株系榭皮素含量显著高于抗虫株系,达到44.3%,生物碱各组分及苯甲酸、绿原酸含量变化均不显著。【结论】新疆野苹果被苹果小吉丁虫(Agrilusmali Mats.)侵染诱导胁迫后,羟基肉桂酰衍生物等相关次生代谢产物产生积极响应。

Response of Secondary Metabolites to Insect Stress in Xinjiang Wild Apple

【Objective】 The aim of the study is to provide a theoretical basis for the effective protection and utilization of Xinjiang wild apple (Malus sieversii) by understanding the changes of secondary metabolites and their generation pattern in the plant under insect stress. 【Method】 The content change trend of secondary metabolites was determined qualitatively and quantitatively by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) using insect-resistant strains identified in the previous period as materials. 【Result】 Under natural conditions without pest stress, the content of coumaric acid in the control group was significantly higher than that of the resistant strains, which were 2.2×10⁴ μg/mL versus 0.5×10⁴ μg/mL respectively, with a fold change of 4.4. The contents of trans-cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid and ferulic acid did not change much. Under the insect infection condition, the content of trans-cinnamic acid, one of the hydroxycinnamyl derivatives, increased significantly to a very high level. The figures were 3.3 ×10⁴ μg/mL and 2.2×10⁶ μg/mL in the control and the resistant group with a fold change of 6.8. At the same time, the caffeic acid in the insect-resistant strains was significantly higher or 3.8 times of the control ones. Similar change was observed in ferulic acid content. The control strains were significantly richer in quercetin compared with the resistant ones, reaching 44.3%. And the changes of alkaloids, benzoic acid and chlorogenic acid were not significant. 【Conclusion】 Secondary metabolites such as hydroxycinnamyl derivatives experienced positive responses in Xinjiang wild apple after the invasion of Agrilusmali Mats