甜瓜皇后及其姊妹系和亲本材料的ISSR分析

【目的】分析皇后姊妹系及其亲本进行遗传多样性和遗传关系,为哈密瓜遗传改良提供依据。【方法】利用12份材料的ISSR标记结果,进行非加权成对群算数平均和主成分分析。【结果】皇后姊妹系及其亲本的Nei基因多样性指数为0.37,Shannon信息指数为0.55。12份材料的JC遗传相似系数在0.23~0.91之间,平均值为0.58,亲本金黄与其他供试材料的JC值平均为0.28。除亲本金黄外,所有亲本材料和大部分皇后姊妹系被聚在类群Ⅰ内,类群Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ分别只有一份材料,与类群Ⅰ具有一定的遗传距离。亲本金黄遗传差异显著,除皇后和皇后88系外其余姊妹系间遗传差异不明显,PCA分析结果与UPGMA聚类分析结果一致。【结论】皇后和皇后88系的遗传基础较宽,与选育亲本间具有一定的遗传距离,这两份材料仍可作为哈密瓜杂种优势育种的骨干亲本。

Genetic Analysis of Huanghou and Its Sister Lines and Parent Materials Based on ISSR Markers

【Objective】 To analyze genetic diversity and relationship of parents and sister lines of 'Huanghou' in the hope of providing theoretical basis for genetic improvement of Hami melon in Xinjiang.【Method】Twelve materials were studied by using Un-weighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic means (UPGMA) and Principal component analysis (PCA) based on ISSR markers.【Result】The average Nei's gene diversity and Shannon's information index were 0.37 and 0.55, and the average Jaccard similarity coefficient (JC) was 0.58 with a range of 0.23-0.91. The average JC between 'Golden beauty' and other materials tested was 0.28. Except for 'Golden beauty', all parents and most sister lines were grouped in cluster Ⅰ, showing certain genetic distance from the other three materials that were divided into three clusters, cluster Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ, respectively. 'Golden beauty' was distinct from the other materials tested, and all sister lines but 'Huanghou' and 'Huanghou 88' showed a smaller genetic difference from each other. The results of PCA analysis were consistent with those of UPGMA cluster analysis.【Conclusion】Genetic background of 'Huanghou' and 'Huanghou 88' was broader than that of other sister lines, which exhibited certain genetic difference from their parents, indicating that these two sister lines could be main parents to heterosis in Hami melon breeding