王家沟流域水土保持特点与土壤侵蚀经验模型的构建

以王家沟流域60 a的水土保持措施实施资料和土壤流失量为资料，分析了该流域多年的水土保持治理措施特点并构建了该流域的土壤侵蚀经验模型。研究表明王家沟流域的水土流失治理分为1955—1957年的坡面治理阶段，1957—1995年的坡面和沟道综合治理阶段，以及1995—2005年的管护阶段。治理效果分为三个阶段，即1955—1970年的初期阶段，1970—1990年的中期阶段和1990—2005年的后期阶段。分析表明水土流失治理度可以代表水土保持措施93.36%的信息量，并构建和验证了该流域土壤侵蚀的经验模型A=K-αC_R+βR_E。

Characteristics of Soil and Water Conservation and Empirical Model Construction of Wangjiagou Watershed

In order to systematically understand the characteristics of soil and water conservation, and to construct empirical model of soil erosion of Wangjiagou watershed, five decades database of soil and water conservation data was analyzed. Analysis indicated that this watershed had experienced three soil and water conservation stages. From 1955 to 1957, the watershed was at hillside control stage, hillside and gully control stage form 1957 to 1995, and management and control stage from 1995 to 2005. Soil and water conservation efficacy was characterized as three phases, the first one was primary phase from 1955 to 1970, the second one was middle phase from 1970 to 1990, the last one was the senior phase from 1990 to 2005. Analysis also indicated that soil and water conservation ratio could represent 93.36% of the information on soil and water conservation measures. The soil erosion empirical model was constructed as the equation(A=K-αC_R+βR_E) with variables of soil-water conservation ration (C_R) and rainfall erosivity (R_E).