珍珠草原对不同模拟放牧强度的响应

草与畜的关系是放牧生态学研究的重点。以阿拉善荒漠草原典型植物珍珠(Salsola passerina)为研究对象,人工设置不同的处理模拟不同放牧强度对珍珠生长的影响,为荒漠草原的合理利用提供依据。研究结果表明,轻度、中度及重度放牧条件下,珍珠种群密度随处理强度的增加而增加。不同处理下植株的冠幅变化不明显,植株的高度在中度干扰下最大,轻度放牧次之,重度放牧最低。3种处理对珍珠生物量都有很大影响,轻度及中度放牧有利于珍珠的生长,而重度放牧则使生物量下降。计算补偿生长指数发现珍珠秋季的补偿生长旺盛,春季中度放牧有利于珍珠的补偿性生长,夏季补偿性生长表现不明显。因此,适度放牧有利于珍珠草原的恢复与健康发展,珍珠这种荒漠草原特有的植物在秋季具有极好的耐牧性。

Response of Salsola passerina rangeland to simulated grazing intensity

The relationship between grass and livestock is the key issue of grazing ecology. Salsola passerine, the typical desert rangeland plant in Alashan, was selected to study its response to grazing under different simulated grazing intensities in order to provide proper management suggestions. The results showed that the population density of S. passerina was increased under light, moderate and heavy grazing conditions. The canopy cover area did not significantly vary among treatments. The plant height was the highest under moderate grazing condition, which was followed by light grazing and heavy grazing. The biomass was significantly impacted by treatments, and it was increased under light and moderate grazing but was decreased under heavy grazing. Compensation growth was obvious in autumn. The moderate grazing in spring was propitious to better compensatory growth and the compensatory growth was not obvious in summer. So, the moderate grazing was proper for the recover and health of S. passerina rangeland and this type of rangeland possesses excellent resistance to grazing especially in autumn.