利用醇溶蛋白分析小麦强优势组合亲本遗传差异

利用A－PAGE方法对小麦（黑麦）异源重组系异源2号组配的22个强优势杂交组合的亲本进行了醇溶蛋白分析。结果表明，醇溶蛋白图谱能将除绵农2号和绵农3号外的所有亲本区分开。电泳共分离出44条相对迁移率不同的谱带。其中，37条具多态性，每个材料可分离出17～27条谱带。父本异源2号与其强优势组合母本间醇溶蛋白遗传距离相对较小，平均值为0．34。根据醇溶蛋白遗传距离聚类结果，1B／1R和非1B／1R易位系被分别聚在不同（亚）类中，多数系谱相同或相近的品种（系）能被聚在一起。醇溶蛋白遗传距离与亲本各性状表型差异及F1杂种优势间相关均不显著，难以用于预测杂种优势。

Parental Diversity of the Crosses with Strong Heterosis in Wheat Based on Gliadin Electrophoretic Patterns

The storage protein gliadins of the parents of 22 strong heterotic combinations in which Yiyuan 2, a wheat-rye recombinant, was used as male parent, were analyzed by acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoric (A-PAGE) method. The results showed that all parents could be differentiated according to the gliadin binding patterns, except Miannong 2 and Miannong 3 .44 gliadin bands with different relative mobility were found by electrophoresis. Of them, 37 bands had polymorphisms. Each material could separate 17 to 27 bands. The gliadin genetic distance (GD) between the male parent Yiyuan 2 and the female parents of its strong heterotic crosses were relatively smaller, with an average of 0. 34. According to cluster analysis based on gliadin GD, IB/1R translocation and non-translocation were clustered to different groups (subgroups), most of the varietics (lines) with the same or similar consanguinity could be clustered together. The results also showed that gliadin GD was not significantly correlated with the parental genotypic diversity and F1 hetcrosis of each character. It was considered that the gliadin GD was difficult to be used to predict heterosis.