六个候选基因多态性与母猪繁殖性状关联分析

在同一个大白猪猪群中采用PCR-RFLP法进行了雌激素受体（ESR）基因、催乳素受体（PRLR）基因、卵泡促激素β亚基（FSHβ）基因、核受体辅激活蛋白1（NCOA1）基因、催乳素（PRL）基因、备解素（OPN）基因等6个与繁殖性能相关的基因多态性检测并对不同基因型的总产仔数、产活仔数及出生窝重进行了相关分析。结果表明：大白猪群体ESR、PRLR、FSHβ 和 OPN 基因的优势基因是B等位基因； NCOA1 和PRL 基因的优势基因是A等位基因。对初产母猪，NCOA1基因AB基因型个体总产仔数（TNB）、产活仔数（NBA）和出生窝重（BLW）分别比AA基因型个体少1.12 头、1.08 头和1.71 kg，差异显著（P　<　0.05）；PRL基因AA型个体TNB、NBA和BLW分别比AC基因型个体多3 头、3.23 头和5.13 kg，BC基因型个体TNB、NBA和BLW分别比AC基因型个体多3.37 头、3.84头和4.75 kg。对经产母猪，PRLR基因各基因型个体之间在TNB和BLW上存在显著差异（P　<　0.05），杂合型个体比纯合型个体TNB和BLW分别少1.0～1.5头和1.0～1.4 kg；PRL基因AA和BC基因型个体分别比AC基因型个体BLW重1.08和1.05 kg（P　<　0.05）；OPN基因BB基因型个体比AA基因型个体TNB多2.13 头（P　<　0.05）。在对合并基因型结果分析中发现，ESR和PRLR基因的A等位基因对TNB表现出正效应，OPN基因的B等位基因对TNB、NBA和BLW都表现出正效应。

Genetic Polymorphism of Six Genetic Loci and Their Correlation with Reproductive Traits

ESR(estrogen receptor), PRLR(prolactin receptor), FSHβ(follicular -stimulating hormone beta subunit), NCOA1(nuclear receptor coactivator 1), OPN (osteopontin) and PRL (prolactin) genes related with reproductive traits of Large White pig were regarded as candidate genes and the polymorphisms of these genes were detected by electrophoresis method and PCR-RFLP with restriction endomuclease PvuⅡ, AluⅠ, RsaⅠand BsaⅠ, respectively. The results showed: allele B was the dominant gene of ESR, PRLR, FSHβ and OPN. And the allele A (frequency = 0.87) and C (frequency = 0.79) were the dominant genes of NCOA1 and PRL. Among first parity sow group, the total number born (TNB), number born alive (NBA) and birth litter weight (BLW) of AB genotype for NCOA1 were 1.12 piglets, 1.08 piglets and 1.71 kg less than that of AA genotype（P < 0.05）; TNB, NBA and BLW of AA/BC genotypes for PRL were 3.37 piglets, 3.84 piglets, and 4.75 kg more than that of AC genotype（P < 0.05）. In multi-parity sow group, the heterozygote of PRLR had significant difference （P < 0.05） with homozygote in TNB and BLW, and the differences were 1.0~1.5 piglets and 1.0~1.4 kg respectively. The BLW of PRL AA and BC genotypes were 1.08 and 1.05 kg heavier than that of AC genotype. The TNB of BB genotype for OPN was 2.13 　　piglets more than that of AA genotype. The combined genotypes analysis indicated that allele A was positive to TNB for ESR and PRLR., and allele B was positive to TNB, NBA and BLW for OPN. And in combined genotypes, the AA homozygote had positive effect on litter size.