油菜花药离体培养研究

以湘油１３号,湘油１４号,９４５９１,３７３和ＺＢ等５个油菜品种离体花药为材料,接种花粉处单核靠边期的花药,经过愈伤组织诱导、增殖和分化培养,成功地获得了９４５９１,湘油１４号和３７３等３个品种花粉愈伤组织再生植株,分化率分别为１６．７％,１２．５％和７．９％,在湘油１３号获得了花粉愈伤组织,但没有获得了不定芽分化,不同基因型油菜花药愈伤组织诱导率有明显差异。诱导率由高到低依次为：湘油１４号（４６

Anther Culture of Rapeseed(Brassica napue L.) in Vitro

Calli were induced from anthers of rapeseed( Brassica napus L.) cultirars 94591,373,Xiangyou 13 and Xiangyou 14 during the period of one nucleus in pollen.After callus inducement,inrichment culture and differentiation,the pollen calli of 94591,Xiangyou 14 and 373 obtained regenerative plantlets.Their differential rate reached 16.7%,12.5% and 7.9% respectively.Xiangyou 13 obtained pollen callus but not adventitious bud's differentiation.Obvious differences existed between different genetype rapeseds' inducement of anther callus.Their inducement rate decreased in the following order:Xiangyou 14(46.5%),Xiangyou 13(19.5%),373(10%),94591 (8.58%) and ZB(0).The culture and inducement of callus by rapeseed anther demand the combined use of auxin 2,4 D and cell mitogen BA,and the concentration of the former should be higher than the latter.The results obtained from cytology observation showed that the callus originated from pollen cells of anther.Differential results differed in different media.When BA was added into the culture of callus and 2,4 D,IAA and GA 3 of low concentration were added into the media respectively,there was differentiation of adventitions buds in the media.The adventitions buds in BA GA 3 medium were glasslike.But normal adventitions buds were obtained when they were moved to the medium of BA.When garlic extract was added into the medium,the browning of rapeseed anther callus reduced and the differential rate of glasslike crop dropped.