春麦田除草剂的应用与杂草群落演替

作者采用定点定位试验,对春麦田除草剂应用与杂草群落演替趋势进行研究。结果表明:在杂草群落多样性麦田,小麦连作并分别连续5年施用同一种除草剂,原杂草群落中占优势的靶标杂草得以控制,而非靶标杂草和抗、耐药性杂草因失去竞争和制约对象而猖獗发展,发生量较原来增加几倍至几十倍,并形成优势种群,对小麦造成新的更严重的危害。一种除草剂在同田块连续施用4年,由于杂草群落演替,抗、耐药杂草兴起,除草效果显著下降而失去其使用意义。作者提出除草剂配套使用、轮用、混用等措施,并配合以合理的轮作制度,以减轻杂草群落长期受到单一的定向选择性压力。

STUDY ON APPLICATION OF HERBICIDES AND THE SUCCESSION OF WEED POPULATION IN SPRING WHEAT FIELDS

According to the studies on application of herbicides and the succession of weed population in spring wheat fields by location test, the results showed that in wheat fields where the weed population is divese,with continuously cropped wheat and a same herbicide was used for 5 years, the chief target weeds in original weed population had been controlled, but no target weeds and herbicide resistant or tolerant weeds were rampant owing to the lose of the competetive and restrictive weeds, which increased several or tens times of occurrence amount becoming the new chief weed population, and causing serious damage to wheat.Therefore, the control strategy ought to apply herbicides with variation and accompanied with rational crop rotation.