豌豆根腐病病原的初步研究

豌豆根腐病是甘肃中部干旱地区豌豆上新发生的一种病害.近年来为害逐渐加重,致使豌豆产量遭受严重损失.1984—1985年在榆中北山地区、定西北部山区种植的豌豆分别在苗期、花期、成熟期采集根腐病病株,采用常规法分离标样178个,共分离病块3,738块。出现镰刀菌(Fusarium Spp.)病块数占50.5％,获得菌株170个.其它菌类有腐霉(Pythium SP.)、丝核菌(RhiZOctonia SP.)、壳二孢(Ascochyta SP.)、链格孢菌(Alternaria SP.)等.经接种、回接试验镰刀菌对豌豆具有较强的致病力,腐霉及其它菌类则有加强腐烂作用,初步认为豌豆根腐病病原以镰刀菌为主,其主要种有豌豆尖孢镰刀菌(Fusartum Oxysporum Schlecht.]和豌豆茄镰刀菌(Fusarium Solani(Mart.)Sacc.].

A Preliminary Study on the Pathogens of Root Rot of Pea

The root rot of pea (Pisum sativum) is a new disease in the central dry region of Gansw Province. In recent years, this disease has been rapidly dispersed throughout the region. The plants of pea were injured seriously by this diseace and the yield was highly reduced. In order to identify the pathogens of this disease, the total of 3738 pieces of tissue infected by this disease from 178 injured plants collected from the northern mountain area of Yuzhong and Dingxi Counties in seedling, flowering and mature stages were used for pathogen identification. The conventional method of isolation of infected tissue was used in this study. The results showed that the tissues with Fusarium sp. were 50.5% of total isolated tissues, and 170 Fusarium strains were obtained from these tissues. The other pathogens, such as Pythium sp., Rhizoctonia sp,, Aseoehyt a sp. and Alternaria sp. etc. were also observed. The results of inoculation and re-inoculation experiments, however, proved that the Fusarium had a higher wrulence than the others, and the Pythium had an action for increasing the degree of rot. It is suggested that the Fvsarium is a main pathogen for root rot of pea. So far, the main species of Fusarium isolated from the root rot plants of pea are F. oxysporum Schlecht and F.solani(Mart.) Sacc..