籼型杂交水稻F_1优势与高产恢复系关系的研究

籼型杂交水稻的优势是普遍存在的，不同性状有明显差异。在研究的２０个组合１９个性状中，以产量的正向优势最强，其次是单穗谷重，再次按粒重、穗长、顶３叶叶面积、每穗实粒数、株高、成穗数、结实率、每穗总粒数的顺序递减，而全生育天数为负向优势。杂种Ｆ１的全生育天数、穗长、顶３叶叶面积、穗数、粒数、粒重、单穗重及产量与对应恢复系呈显著或极显著相关。随着恢复系产量的提高，杂种Ｆ１亦随之提高。当恢复系产量达到一定水平后，品种间的杂种Ｆ１产量超父优势不强；但籼粳交后代的恢复系，其Ｆ１的产量超父优势明显。恢复系产量结构类型的差异对杂种Ｆ１产量优势的影响不明显。

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HETEROSIS OF INDICA TYPE F 1 HYBRID AND HIGH YIELD RESTORERS

Heterosis of Indica type hybrid is widespread, and various for different properties. In 19 properties of 20 combinations we studied, the positive heterosis of yield is highest. Then the weight of per spike, grain weight, spike length, leaf area of top 3 leaves, plump grains of per spike, plant height, spikes, filling rate and grains of per spike. But the heterosis of days to maturity is negative. The result also shows that, days to maturity, spike length, leaf area of top three leaves, spikes, grains per spike, grain weight, spike weight and yield are significantly correlative to the relevant restorers. With the rise of yield of restorer, the yield of F 1 rise simultaneously. intraspecific hybrid is not so high, except for the restorers bred through Indica Japonica cross. The effect of types of restorers yield constitution on heterosis of yield is not significant.