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Changes in gene expression profiles and cytokine secretions in peripheral monocytes by treatment with small extracellular vesicles derived from a canine lymphoma cell line
Authors:Akiyoshi TANI  Hirotaka TOMIYASU  Hajime ASADA  Chen-Si LIN  Yuko GOTO-KOSHINO  Koichi OHNO  Hajime TSUJIMOTO
Affiliation:1)Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;2)Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;3)Present address: Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
Abstract:Interactions between tumor and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment play an important role in tumor progression, and small extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from these tumor cells have been shown to exert immunomodulatory effects on various immune cells, including macrophages and lymphocytes. Although the immunomodulatory effects of small EVs derived from human cancer cells have been intensively investigated, few studies have investigated the effects of lymphoma-derived small EVs on macrophages in both human and veterinary medicine. Here, we evaluated the effects of canine lymphoma-derived small EVs on canine primary monocytes, which are the major source of macrophages in neoplastic tissues. Comprehensive gene expression analysis of these treated monocytes revealed their distinct activation via the Toll-like receptor (TLR) and NF-κβ signaling pathways. In addition, treatment with lymphoma small EVs increased the secretion of MCP-1, which induces the infiltration and migration of monocytes and lymphocytes in neoplastic and cancer tissues. The results of this study indicate that canine lymphoma small EVs activate monocytes, possibly through the activation of TLR and NF-κβ signaling pathways, and induce monocytes to secrete of MCP-1, which might contribute to immune cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment.
Keywords:diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, dog, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, nuclear factor-kappa β   signaling, toll-like receptor signaling
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