腹泻小鼠自愈过程中肠道粘膜形态的动态显微观察

摘要：目的：观察小白鼠腹泻自愈过程中肠道粘膜形态学变化的规律，为研究开发治疗腹泻的药物提供理论基础。方法：试验小白鼠腹腔注射2.6亿大肠杆菌O101，建立小鼠腹泻模型。观察小鼠发病后的临床症状、大体剖检变化、病理组织学变化以及超微结构变化。结果：攻毒后小白鼠精神沉郁，排黄色稀便，十二指肠有散在出血点，肠壁变薄。光镜下小肠绒毛部分断裂，上皮细胞肿胀，肠粘膜下层有炎性细胞浸润。扫描电镜下肠道绒毛肿胀明显，微绒毛肿胀脱落，排列杂乱，杯状细胞数量增多。透射电镜观察上皮细胞线粒体空泡化、嵴和膜消失，粗面内质网扩张，杯状细胞内含有大量的粘原颗粒。从第4d开始临床症状开始好转，第6d小白鼠痊愈。结论：在大肠杆菌O101诱发小白鼠腹泻的自愈过程中，在临床症状、大体解剖、显微结构三方面的变化基本一致，表现为1-3d病理变化明显，第4d开始逐渐恢复，第6d基本恢复正常。

The Dynamic Changes of the Intestinal Mucosal Morphous in Self-healing Diarrhea Mice

Abstract: Objective: Observing the dynamic changes of the intestinal mucosal morphous in self-healing diarrhea mice, providing a theoretical basis for researching the antidiarrheal drugs. Methods: The mouse diarrheal model was established by intraperitoneal injection of E.coli O101. The pathological changes of intestinal mucosal were observed by Light microscopy（LM）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）and transmission electron microscope(TEM). Results: the treated mice show gloomy, yellow thin feces, there were sporadic bleeding points on duodenum. the intestinal wall became thinner. Through the LM, the intestine villi were broken, epithelial cells were swelled, some inflammatory cell were infiltrated in the intestinal submucosa.Under the SEM, intestinal villi and microvillus were swelled and appeared clutter, the number of goblet cells were increased. According to the observed of TEM，mitochondrial of the epithelial cells were vacuolized, the cristae and membrane had disappeared. Rough endoplasmic reticulums were expansion. Goblet cells contain a large number of original particles stick. Conclusion: In the self-healing process of mice diarrhea induced by E. coli O101, the clinical symptoms, Gross Anatomy and Microscopic changes were basically conformity. The intestinal pathological changes were marked in 1-3d after diarrhea, the clinical symptoms were improved after 4d, the mice were healed after 6d.