玉米种质改良问题探讨

种质基础狭窄已成为我国玉米育种发展的首要限制因素，致使玉米高产超高产育种受到阻碍。因此，必须对我国种质进行扩增、创新、改良(引进)，丰富育种素材的种质基础，提高优良基因的频率，否则很难选育出综合性状优良的强优势品种，就难以改变我国玉米产量一直徘徊不前的局面。玉米种质创新主要有以下几种途径：外来种质利用，群体改良，转基因技术等。阐述了利用外来种质尤其是热带、亚热带种质来改良和拓宽温带玉米的遗传基础，构建新的杂种优势模式的途径。

Discussion of Maize Germplasm Improvement

Germplasm expansion, improvement and innovation was the basic security in corn breeding and industrial development of China. New inbred lines were the isolation of the second circle from abroad as well as the main resources of resistant gene were from abroad. Inbred lines used by breeding unit are mostly the second circle from breeders' own. Because of the lack of resources of innovation, it is difficult to improve the industrial and technical competitiveness. Therefore maize germplasm expansion, innovation and improvement(introduction) became the most important direction in cron breeding.