管花肉苁蓉寄主柽柳林地土壤养分调查研究

为了解和评价和田地区管花肉苁蓉寄主柽柳林地土壤肥力状况,指导土壤培肥,以该地区管花肉苁蓉分布最广、产量最高的于田县和民丰县为研究区域,采集该地区不同种植年限和灌溉方式下的土壤样本,对其主要物化性质进行调查研究。结果表明:接种管花肉苁蓉的柽柳林地土壤全氮和有机质含量均值分别为0.31 g/kg和2.42 g/kg,处于缺乏和很缺乏水平;土壤速效钾和全磷含量均值分别为155 mg/kg和0.55 g/kg,处于适宜及以上水平;土壤有效磷含量在0.4~8.0 mg/kg,处于适宜和缺乏水平的分别占调查面积的41.2%和58.8%。土壤pH为中性或微碱性,种植年限达10 a以上的土壤呈微酸性且已发生次生盐渍化。相同种植年限下,传统的漫灌转为滴灌可使土壤EC值、全氮和硝态氮含量分别降低60.6%、48.8%和34.7%。

Soil Nutrients Status in Tamarisk Host Woodland of Cistanche tubulosa

To understand and evaluate soil fertility status and improve soil fertility of tamarisk woodland which is the host of Cistanche tubulosa, Yutian and Minfeng counties, where are the most widespread and productive Cistanche tubulosa areas in the Hotan region, were selected as the experimental base. Soil samples under different cultivated years and irrigation methods were collected, and soil physical and chemical properties were determined. The results showed that soil total nitrogen and organic matter contents were 0.31 g/kg and 2.42 g/kg, respectively, both belonged to the poor levels according to classification standard of soil fertility of the 2nd National Soil Survey. Soil available potassium and total phosphorus contents were 155 mg/kg and 0.55 g/kg, respectively, both belonged to the suitable levels. Soil available phosphate content ranged from 0.4 to 8.0 mg/kg, and 41.2% and 58.8% of the samples belonged to suitable level and poor level, respectively. Soil pH is neutral or slightly alkaline, but the soil became slightly acidic and secondary salinization occurred in the field which cultivated Cistanche tubulosa above 10 years. The shift from traditional flooding irrigation to drip irrigation could reduce soil EC, total nitrogen and nitrate contents by 60.6%, 48.8% and 60.6%, respectively.