贡嘎山暗针叶林生态系统枯落物截留特征研究

充分考虑不同林型下枯落物的特性和降雨特性,采用现场模拟方法观测枯落物截留,以浸水法观测枯枝落叶层的最大持水量,观测了贡嘎山不同演替阶段的暗针叶林群落林内枯落物的截留特征.结果表明,贡嘎山暗针叶林生态系统中不同群落的枯落物截留降水量与林外降雨量有不同程度的线性相关关系,而林内降雨量与枯落物截留量之间存在幂函数关系.同林型内,由于枯落物数量与组成成分、分解程度等不同,其持水能力也存在着较大的差异:过熟林中枯落物吸水饱和时间最短,最大持水率最低,枯落物与林下厚厚的苔藓层混杂在一起,截留水分的能力相对较弱;幼龄林中枯落物饱和需要时间最长,最大持水率也最高,对林下降雨的再分配作用也相应最大.同时,枯落物层的截留作用及截留量的大小,除去枯枝落叶层的数量和质量外,与枯落物的湿润程度相关.

Study on Litters Interception Characteristics of Dark Coniferous Forest Ecosystem in Gongga Mountain

In this paper,more attentions are paid to the litters and precipitation features in different communities.Litter interception has been observed by the simulation method on the site at different stages of dark coniferous forest communities,and the maximum absorption of water in the litters has been observed by immersion in water.The results show that rainfall intercepted by litters in different communities is linearly correlated to rainfall outside of stands,and there is typical power functional relation between litters interception and rainfalls inside the forest.The water containing ability of litters having relation to amount and composition of litters shows great differences in the same forest type.Meanwhile,the interception role and capability are influenced by original wetness of ground cover.