2,4-D、Dicamba和KT对小麦成熟胚离体培养的影响

为了建立优良小麦品种遗传转化的高效组织培养体系,以扬麦158和郑麦9023成熟胚为外植体,探讨了Dicamba和2,4-D及KT对小麦成熟胚愈伤组织诱导和再生的影响。结果表明,Dicamba和2,4-D的愈伤组织诱导率最低为88.7%,最高可达95.1%,处理间无显著差异。不同激素诱导的愈伤组织在添加KT的培养基上分化时,再生率存在显著差异。两种基因型小麦用Dicamba诱导的愈伤组织比2,4-D诱导的愈伤组织具有更高的再生率。在分化培养时,培养基中添加5mg·L-1 KT比添加3mg·L-1的分化效果更好,但不同浓度KT对愈伤组织分化的效果因诱导激素的配比和基因型而异。扬麦158的综合指标更优,平均再生率可达20.1%,比郑麦9023高6.6%;采用4mg·L-1 Dicamba进行愈伤组织诱导,配合5mg·L-1KT分化培养更有利于小麦成熟胚离体培养。

Effect of 2,4 D, Dicamba and KT on the In Vitro Culture of Mature Wheat Embryo

The effects of different hormone combination on the callus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryos of two elite winter genotypes (Yangmai 158 and Zhengmai 9023) were studied. High frequency of callus induction (over 88% with the maximums 95.1%) was achieved on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2, 4 D (2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) or Dicamba (3,6 dichloro O anisic acid). Although little difference was found in the ability of callus induction with the treatments of 2,4 D or Dicamba, there were quite differences in the differentiation rate among different concentrations of these two auxins after transferring of the callus to the medium supplied with KT (2,4,5 Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (3 mg·L^-1 and 5 mg·L^-1). The relative higher number of regenerated plants (maximum 29%) was observed at the callus induced with Dicamba (4 mg·L^-1 and 8 mg·L^-1) and further growth on the medium with 5 mg·L^-1 of KT in both genotypes. Compared with Zhengmai 9023, callus form mature embryos of Yangmai158 had a higher plant regeneration rate. The combination of Dicamba (4 mg·L^-1) with 5 mg·L^-1 of KT was optimum for the high efficiency of the callus induction and pant regeneration from these two wheat genotypes in this study.