播期和密度对冬小麦杂交种衡杂102产量及其构成因素的影响

为了明确冬小麦杂交种衡杂102的高产高效栽培技术措施,为该品种大面积应用提供理论依据,2014~2015年在河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所旱作节水试验站进行了不同播期与密度组合的产量试验。采用裂区试验设计,播期设10月5、10、15、20和25日5个水平,密度(基本苗数量)设150万、225万、300万、375万、450万株/hm~2以及对照(石4185)6个处理,研究了不同播期与密度组合对衡杂102产量以及产量构成因素的影响;并对不同播期与密度组合的产量进行了回归分析,根据回归方程,对10月5~25日播种,在10月5日播种基本苗数量150万株/hm~2的基础上,每晚播1 d、基本苗数量增加15万株/hm~2条件下,进行了产量模拟,以探索适宜的播期及其相应的种植密度。结果表明:播种期和种植密度均对产量以及产量构成因素具有显著影响,其中,产量随着播期的推迟、种植密度的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势。在一定的播期和密度范围内,衡杂102单位面积穗数随着播期的推迟而减少,随着密度的增加而明显增多;穗粒数和千粒重随着播期的推迟而增加,随着密度的增加而降低,其中,播期和密度对千粒重的影响大于对穗粒数的影响。冬小麦新品种衡杂102的适宜播种期为10月5~16日,相应的种植密度为150万~315万株/hm~2,产量模拟结果与实际测定结果相吻合。

Studies on the Effects of Sowing Dates and Planting Densities to Yield and Its Components of Winter Wheat Hybrid Hengza102

In order to clarify the high yield and efficiency cultivation technical measures of winter wheat new hybrid cultivar Hengza102 to provide a theoretical basis for large-scale application of the cultivar,carried out different sowing dates and planting densities studies. 5 sowing dates including October 5,10,15,20,25 were desighed with split-plot, and 6 planting density processes about 5 seeding r ate respectively were 150,225,300,375,450(í104 plant/hm2) and CK (shi4185), the effects o f diff erent so w ing dates and planting densities o n the yield and its compo-nents of winter wheat new cultivar H eng za102 in Dryfarming and Water-sav ing Experiment Station of Shenzhou City of Hebei Province during 2014-2015 were studied. The results showed that the ef-fects of sowing date and planting density were sig-nificant on grain yield and its components. With delay of sowing date (planting density increases) grain yield increased at first and then decreased. The number of spike per hm2 was decreased with the delay of sowing date,while increased with the increase of planting density in an e xtent . The kernels per spike and kernel weight increased with the delay of sowing date, while they were decreased with the increase of planting density. We recommended th at the suitable sowing date of Hengza102 was October 5-16, and its reasonable basic planting density was 150-315 (í104 plant/hm2) .