有机、特别与常规种植体系对小麦土壤养分的影响

在江苏溧阳设立了田间定位试验,对有机、特别、常规3种种植体系小麦苗期、分蘖期、拔节期及成熟期土壤养分含量进行了比较。结果表明:在小麦的生长期有机种植体系比特别和常规种植体系的土壤肥力性质稳定、变化幅度小,种植前相比,成熟期的土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷含量均有所增加;常规种植体系土壤pH值及基本养分在分蘖期和拔节期变化较有机和特别种植体系大,种植前相比,成熟期的土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷及速效钾均有所减少;特别种植体系各项土壤指标基本介于有机和常规种植体系之间,因此,有机种植体系在小麦生长期中维持了土壤肥力的稳定,并有效提高了土壤养分含量。

Effects of Organic, Special, Conventional Cultivation Systems on Soil Nutrient in Wheat Field

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of organic,special,conventional cultivation systems on the soil nutrient content of wheat field at the seedling stage,tillering stage,jointing stage and mature stage of wheat.The results showed that: in comparison with the conventional and special cultivation systems,the soil fertility was more stable in the organic cultivation system in the whole growth period of wheat,and the organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen and available phosphorus contents in the soil in mature period increased as compared with those in un-planted soil.The changes in the soil pH-value and basic nutrient of the conventional cultivation system at tillering stage and jointing stage were greater than those of the organic and special cultivation systems,while its organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium contents in the soil in mature period decreased as compared with those in un-planted soil.The soil nutrient of the special cultivation system was lower than that of the organic cultivation system,but much higher than that of the conventional cultivation system.Therefore,the organic cultivation system maintained soil fertility and improved soil nutrient in wheat growth period.