梅花开花物候期及加长观赏期的研究

根据１８１个梅花品种开花物候期观察记载,在南京地区拟定２月２０日以前进入开花最佳观赏期的为早花品种;２月２０日～３月１０日进入开花最佳观赏期的为中花品种;３月１０日以后进入开花最佳观赏期的为晚花品种．早花品种最佳观赏期最长为２８ｄ,最短为１３５ｄ,平均１７４ｄ;中花品种最佳观赏期最长为１５ｄ,最短为８５ｄ,平均为１１５ｄ;晚花品种花期最长为９６ｄ,最短５ｄ,平均７８ｄ．选取５０个左右的代表品种组成梅花园景品种组合,其中早、中、晚花品种植株数量按３５∶３５∶３的比例配植,可使梅园在正常气候年景梅花最佳观赏期达到５０～５６ｄ,较目前一般梅园观赏期可加长２０～２５ｄ左右,从而大大提高梅园的观赏效益．

Study on Phenology and display Season Extension of Mei Flower

According to phenologic records on 181 cultivars of Mei blossoms, those that grow ready for display before Feb.20 in Nanjing are "early blossoms"; those from Feb.20 to March 10 "moderate blossoms"; those after March 10 "late blossoms". The best display season of "early blossoms" averages 17.4 days, with the longest being 28 days and the shortest 13.5 days.The best display season of "moderate blossoms" averages 11.1 days, the longest being 15 days and the shortest being 8.5 days. The best display season of "late blossoms" averages 7.8 days, the longest being 9.6 days and the shortest being 5 days. Some 50 representative cultivars were selected to make up display series, with the proportion of 3.5∶3.5∶3 of "early", "moderate" and "late" blossoms. The display season in normal climate was extended to 50 to 56 days, that is, 20 to 25 days longer than normal seasons, which obviously brought blossom display to a greater advantage.