郑州市主城区公园绿地与居民人口分布均衡性研究

以郑州市主城区公园可达性、绿地服务水平、区位熵为公园绿地与人口分布均衡性评价的定量指标，采用层次分析法，构建综合指标评价体系，分析了公园绿地与居民人口分布的均衡性。结果表明:1）综合指标分析得出，主城区内6个区公园绿地服务效率差异较大，郑东新区综合值最高，为0.694，公园服务效率远高于其他各区，服务重叠率较高；其他老城区综合评价值普遍较低，惠济区最差，为0.139，服务效果差距较大，公园绿地与人口分布严重失衡。2）反映公园绿地可达性的网络分析显示:3种交通方式下出行5 min内，惠济区可达性最差，郑东新区最好。3）现状公园绿地在500、1 000 m服务范围内，管城区服务效率最差，郑东新区最好;按照《郑州市城市总体规划（2012-2030）》中新增居住区，惠济区公园绿地的服务水平在500、1 000 m范围内将分别下降30%、44%，忽略了新增绿地与新增居住区的同步发展匹配。4）各主城区公园绿地的区位熵差距悬殊，表明郑州市主城区公园绿地与居民人口分布极不均衡，郑东新区最高是金水区的154.1倍，前者人均公园绿地面积是金水区151.7倍。该研究结果将为今后的城市总体规划调整和公园绿地布局建设提供科学依据。

Evaluation on the Balance of Park Greenspace and Residential Population Distribution in the Major Urban Area of Zhengzhou City

The balance between park greenspace layout and residential population distribution is one of the important indicators to measure the service function of park greenspace,and an important basis for evaluating the quality of urban residential environment.Taking the location entropy,accessibility and greenspace service level of the parks in the major urban area of Zhengzhou City as the quantitative indexes for evaluating the balance of park greenspace and residential population distribution,the analytic hierarchy process was used to construct a comprehensive index evaluation system,and the equilibrium of park greenspace and residential population distribution was analyzed.The results showed that 1) based on the comprehensive index analysis,there existed great differences in the service efficiency of the park greenspace among the six districts in the major urban area at Zhengzhou City,the comprehensive value of Zhengdong New District was 0.694,the service efficiency of the park greenspace was much higher than other districts,and the service overlap rate was higher than other districts; the comprehensive evaluation values of other old districts were generally low,and the lowest value was 0.139 for Huiji District,where the park greenspace and residential population distribution was seriously out of balance.2) Accessibility to the park greenspace displayed by network analysis showed that within five minutes of travel under three modes of transportation,the accessibility to the park greenspace of Huiji District was worst,and that of the Zhengdong New District was best.3) Within the service ranges of 500 m or 1 000 m,the service efficiency of the current park greenspace of Guancheng District was worst,whereas that of Zhengdong New District was best.According to the “General Development Plan of Zhenzhou (2012-2030)”,the newly to be established residential area would make the service levels of the park greenspace in the ranges of 500 and 1 000 m at Huiji District drop by 30% and 44%,respectively,because the plan ignored the match of new greenspace with the new residential area to be established.4) Wide disparity in location entropy was observed,indicating that there was an extreme disequilibrium between park greenspace and residential population distribution in the major urban area of Zhengzhou City.The highest level of location entropy at Zhengdong New District was 154.1 times that of Jinshui District,and the per capita park area of the former was 151.7 times that of the latter.The results of this study would provide a scientific basis for future urban master planning adjustment and park green space layout.