黄槿木材结构特征的分析

借助连续变倍体视显微镜、生物数码显微镜和电镜观察黄槿木材的宏观、微观构造，按照许尔兹发进行解离，测量分析各种细胞的形态特征。结果表明，黄槿为散孔材，管孔主要为单管孔及径列复管孔，导管分子主要为圆柱形，单穿孔，椭圆形，穿孔板倾斜，螺纹加厚缺如，无侵填体；管间纹孔互列，射线-导管间纹孔似管间纹孔；木纤维呈细长纺锤形，两端尖削，纤维长度417~1 727 μm，平均1 092 μm，属中等长度纤维；轴向薄壁组织肉眼下可见，主为环管束状及星散状；木射线肉眼下可见，射线组织异Ⅰ型及异Ⅱ型，宽2~4细胞，高5~47细胞，宽多为2~3细胞，高8~17细胞；瓦形细胞具翅子树型；轴向薄壁细胞和射线细胞皆含有晶体及颗粒状内含物，晶体多为晶簇状，少有菱形及方形。通过上述分析为黄槿木材的合理利用提供基础理论依据，丰富木材识别鉴定的基础理论。

Analysis of Structure Characteristics for Hibiscus tiliaceus Wood

The macroscopic and microscopic structures of Hibiscus tiliaceus wood were observed by means of biological digital microscope and electron microscope.The morphological characteristics of various cells were measured and analyzed.The results showed that H.tiliaceus was diffuse-porous wood and the pores were mainly solitary pore and multiple pore.The vessel elements were mainly cylindrical shape,with simple perforation,which were oval,and the perforation plate was tilted,which was lack of thread thickening,no invasive filler.Intervessel pits alternated.The pit of ray-vessel was similar to the vessel.Wood fiber appeared long spindle shape with tip shaved at two ends,the length of fiber was 417-1 727 μm,with an average of 1 092 μm,which was a medium length fiber.Axial parenchyma was visible under the naked eye while they were mainly vasicentric and diffuse.And the wood rays were also visible under the naked eye,generally were typeⅠandⅡ,2-4 cells wide(mainly 2-3),5-47 cells high(mainly 8-17),and the tile-cells were Pterospermum type.Axial parenchyma cells and ray cells contained crystals and granular inclusions.Crystals were mostly cluster-like and rarely rhombic or square.The above analysis would provide theory basis for the rational utilization of H.tiliaceus wood and enrich the basic theory of wood identification.