干制方法对枇杷叶总酚、黄酮等成分及抗氧化活性的影响

研究不同干制方法对枇杷叶总酚、黄酮等成分和抗氧化活性的影响，给生产实践提供技术依据和理论参考，以成熟枇杷叶作为试验材料，采用热风烘干（35℃、50℃、65℃、80℃）、自然晒干和阴干方式进行干制处理，用70%乙醇超声浸提，测定其黄酮、总酚、多糖含量及抗氧化活性。结果表明，不同干制条件下枇杷叶总酚、黄酮、多糖含量及抗氧化活性存在差异，其中阴干条件下所测成分含量及抗氧化活性最高，热风烘干条件下随着温度的升高，试验所测成分含量及抗氧化活性呈下降趋势。阴干可以较大程度地保留枇杷叶总酚、黄酮等成分及其抗氧化活性。在以干燥枇杷叶为原料，以总酚、黄酮等成分和抗氧化性为主的生产利用方面，应以阴干方法进行干制处理。

Effects of Drying Methods on the Contents of Active Components and Antioxidant Activity of Loquat Leaves

In order to understand the effects of different drying methods on the contents of active components,such as flavonoids,total phenols,polysaccharides and on the antioxidant properties of loquat leaves,and to provide technical basis and theoretical reference for the development of the leaves,the loquat leaves were dried by hot air with different temperatures(35℃,50℃,65℃,80℃),natural drying and drying in shade.The dried leaves were extracted by 70% ethanol with the aid of ultrasonic wave,the contents of active components and antioxidant activities of the extracts were measured.It was found that differences existed in the contents of active components and antioxidant activities among the leaves that were dried by different methods.The leaves that were dried in shade demonstrated the highest contents of active components and highest antioxidant activities.Moreover,with the increase of hot air drying temperature,the contents of active components and antioxidant activities decreased.Therefore,drying in the shade could retain active components,resulting high antioxidant activities.It was recommended that drying the loquat leaves in shade should be adopted.