氮磷钾不同用量配比对水稻的增产效果研究

通过2年4季的小区试验和49个大田对比试验，研究氮、磷、钾及有机肥不同用量配比对杂交水稻产量的影响。结果表明：在昭平县中低产田上进行水稻配方施肥的氮、磷、钾肥适宜用量为：每公顷施用纯N、P2O5和K20分别为135．0kg、54．0kg和81．0k，科学配比为N：P2O5：K2O=1：0．4：0．6。每公斤纯N、P2O5、K20可增产稻谷分别为4．71k、9．43kg和11．52妇，均达极显著水平；肥料的肥效排序为：K＞P＞N；采用“氮磷钾配合，增施磷钾肥，控制氮肥用量”的施肥策略，有利于水稻产量和经济效益的提高，配方施肥比习惯施肥增产491．0kg／hm^2，增幅7．4％，达极显著水平。生产上为了降低推广难度，水稻测土配方施肥完全可以简化为科学施用专用肥。

The yield-increase effectiveness on rice by different compound proportion of N,P,K

Through plots experiments and 49 field comparison experiments in four seasons of two years, the impacts of different compound proportion of N, P, K and manure on the rice yield were studied. The results show that in middle and lower yield paddy field of Zhaoping County, the suitable application amount are 135.0 kg、54.0 kg and 81.0 kg for N, P2O5、K2O （1：0.4：0.6）, one kg of N,P2O5,K2O can increase yield by 4.71kg,9.43kg和11.52 kg,which all reach extra obvious level, and fertilizer effectiveness taxis is K〉P〉N. to adopt the methods of ＂N-P-K proportion, more P-K fertilizer, controlling N application can benefit the yield increase and income generation. Equilibrium fertilization can increase yield by 491.0kg/hm^2 （ ＋ 7.4% ）, which reaches extra obvious level. In production, in order to reduce the difficulty of extension, the soil test ＆ equilibrium fertilization can be sim- plified into proper application of specialized fertilizer.