铜陵矿区废弃地块土壤重金属污染特征及风险评价

为评估铜陵矿区开采后废弃场地土壤重金属对人体健康和生态环境的潜在风险,以铜陵矿区典型废弃地块为例,采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗污染指数法进行土壤环境质量评价,并结合健康风险评价模型分析地块土壤重金属污染的人体健康风险。结果显示：研究区域土壤达到重度污染水平,As、Co、V、Tl的浓度超过筛选值,研究区综合风险指数为625.94,风险等级较强;其中采样点S4附近潜在生态风险指数最大,达到“极强”等级,存在复合污染趋势。风险评价结果表明,经口摄入是该地区土壤重金属主要风险暴露途径,非致癌风险和致癌风险均为不可接受。其中As和Tl为主要风险来源,应引起重视。结论表明该地区已存在显著的潜在健康风险,本地块应重点关注Cd、As、Hg和Tl元素的污染情况,在后期开发利用过程中,需密切关注该地区重金属污染状况并进行土壤治理管控。

The pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metal in soil from Tongling copper mining area, Anhui province, China

In order to assess the potential risk of soil heavy metals pose to human health and the ecological environment in the abandoned mining of the Tongling mining area, the single-factor pollution index method and the Nemerow pollution index method were used to evaluate the quality of the soil environment using typical abandoned plots in Tongling mining area as a case study. Additionally, a health risk evaluation model was employed to analyze the human health risk associated with heavy metal soil pollution in these plots. The results showed that the soil in the study area had reached a heavy level of pollution, the concentrations of As, Co, V and Tl exceeded the natural background values, and the comprehensive risk index for the study area was 625.94, which indicated a strong risk grade. The potential ecological risk index near the sampling point S4 was the largest, which reached the level of extremely strong , with a trend of combined pollution. The results of risk evaluation showed that oral intake was the primary exposure pathway of soil heavy metals in this area, and both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks exposure were deemed unacceptable. Among them, As and Tl were identified as the primary sources of risk and should be addressed with urgency. The study highlights significant potential health risks in this area, and the contamination of Cd, As, Hg and Tl elements should be focused on this site, and the heavy metal contamination in this area should be paid close attention to and controlled by soil treatment in the later development and utilization process.