不同形态氮肥对不同专用小麦叶片氮代谢及籽粒蛋白质的影响

 采用盆栽方法研究了3种形态氮肥对不同专用小麦叶片氮代谢和籽粒蛋白质及其组分的影响。结果表明,强筋小麦豫麦34在酰胺态氮肥处理下,开花期叶片NR活性较强,氮素含量相对较高。籽粒中蛋白质含量较高,清蛋白含量和麦谷蛋白/醇溶蛋白比值最大,营养品质和加工品质较好;中筋小麦豫麦49在铵态氮肥作用下,籽粒蛋白质含量、清蛋白含量和麦谷蛋白/醇溶蛋白比值均最大;弱筋小麦豫麦50在铵态氮肥处理下,籽粒蛋白质含量和麦谷蛋白/醇溶蛋白比值均较低,加工品质较好;籽粒蛋白质含量与开花期叶氮量呈显著正相关,与叶片NR活性无显著关系。

Effects of Different Types of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Leaves N-Metabolism and Grain Protein of Wheat Cultivars with Specialized End-Uses

In a pot experiment, effects of three different types of nitrogen fertilizer on leaves N-metabolism and grainprotein as well as components of wheat cultivars with specialized end-uses were studied. The results showed that with NH2--N treatment(urea) , strong gluten wheat Yumai34 had higher activity of NR in leaves at blossom, higher N contents and thehighest protein content of grain, and albumin content and the value of glutenins/gliadins, processing quality and nutritionalquality were improved significantly. The grain protein content , albumin content and the value of glutenins/gliadins ofmedium gluten wheat-Yumai49 were the highest with NH 4-N treatment, processing quality and nutritional quality were alsoimproved significantly. The grain protein content, albumin content and the value of glutenins/gliadins of weak gluten wheatYumai50 were lowest with NH 4-N treatment, with good processing quality. Grain protein content was closely related to Ncontent of leaves at flowering stage, but not to NR activity.