卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区蒙古野驴的数量与分布

2005年9—10月在新疆北部卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区调查了蒙古野驴的数量和分布。调查过程共设置样线8条,总长640.90km,共发现野驴53群1 039头,平均群体大小为(11.90±7.84)头/群,最大群为189只,2～10头的小群遇见率最高,占总群体数的43.40%。采用实体观测垂距法计算,蒙古野驴的平均密度为(1.231±0.196)头/km~2。结合有效分布面积,可计算得出保护区内约有野驴(5 234±834)头。调查显示蒙古野驴主要分布于保护区北部和中部食物和水源条件较好的区域。

The Number and Distribution of Asiatic Wild Ass in Kalamaili Mountain Ungulate Nature Reserve,Xinjiang

This work is conducted to survey Asiatic Wild Ass in Kalamaili Mountain Ungulate Nature Reserve,northern Xinjiang from September to October,2005.The line transect method is used along 8 sampling itineraries covering every area in the reserve with the total length reaching 640,900 km.As a result,53 groups of Asiatic Wild Ass containing 1039 individuals are observed.The mean population size is 11.90±7.84 individuals,and the largest group size is up to 189 individuals.The group sizes ranging from 2 to 10 individuals are common ones,that account for 43.40% of total individuals ob- served,and the mean density of Wild Ass is estimated at 1.231±0.196 indi./km~2,and then the total number of Wild Ass in the reserve is estimated to be 5234±834 individuals.The survey revealed that the main Wild Ass distribution area is located in northern and central areas of the Reserve with high quality foods and water resources.