小麦蚜虫无公害防治用药筛选试验

目的]筛选出用于小麦蚜虫无公害防治的杀虫剂。方法]以虫口减退率和防治效果为评价指标,对5.0%啶虫脒乳油、2.5%溴氰菊酯乳油、2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油和50.0%甲基对硫磷乳油无公害防治小麦蚜虫进行了筛选试验。结果]药后1 d,溴氰菊酯乳油的防治效果最好,虫口减退率88.93%,防效91.23%;啶虫脒乳油的防治效果最差。药后7 d,啶虫脒乳油的防治效果最好,虫口减退率85.99%,防效96.75%,与其他药剂存在极显著差异(P<0.01);除甲基对硫磷乳油外,其他3种药剂均未对小麦产生药害,但对天敌有一定的杀伤作用,而甲基对硫磷乳油对天敌的杀伤力较强。结论]5.0%啶虫脒乳油、2.5%溴氰菊酯乳油、2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油是防治小麦蚜虫的理想药剂,可完全取代高毒农药。

Pesticide Screening Test on the Harmless Control of Wheat Aphids

Objective] The purpose was to screen out the pesticides used in the harmless control of wheat aphids.Method] With decrease rate of insect and control effect as evaluation indices,5.0% acetamiprid EC,2.5.0% deltamethrin EC,2.5% high-effective cyhalothrin EC and 50.0% parathion-methyl EC were used in the pesticide screening test on the harmless control of wheat aphids.Result] After 1 d since application,the control effect of deltamethrin EC was best,with decrease rate of insect of 88.93% and control effect of 91.23% and that of acetamiprid EC was worst.After 7 d since application,the control effect of acetamiprid EC was best,with decrease rate of insect of 85.99% and control effect of 96.75% and had extremely significant difference from the other pesticides(P<0.01).Except for parathion-methyl EC,the other 3 pesticides caused no pesticide injury on wheat,but had some killing effect on its natural enemies and the killing ability of parathion-methyl EC was stronger.Conclusion] 5.0% acetamiprid EC,2.5% deltamethrin EC and 2.5% high-effective cyhalothrin EC were the perfect pesticides for controlling wheat aphids and they could replace high-toxic pesticides completely.