氮肥对油菜在不同土壤中吸收积累Cd的影响

以三种不同程度Cd污染土壤为材料，通过盆栽试验研究NH₄Cl和（NH₄）₂SO₄两种氮肥对土壤Cd有效性及油菜吸收、转运Cd的影响，评价油菜对Cd的生物累积量，以期为油菜修复Cd污染土壤的优化施肥措施提供理论支撑。结果表明：施加NH₄Cl和（NH₄）₂SO₄均显著降低了土壤的pH，（NH₄）₂SO₄处理土壤pH低于施加NH₄Cl处理的土壤，施肥处理下生长期非根际土pH低于根际土，成熟期非根际土pH高于根际土。施加（NH₄）₂SO₄和NH₄Cl均使土壤中有效态Cd含量增加。（NH₄）₂SO₄处理有效态Cd的浓度高于NH₄Cl处理。油菜成熟期土壤中有效态Cd的浓度低于生长期，生长期和成熟期整体表现出根际土中Cd的总量高于非根际土。施加（NH₄）₂SO₄和NH₄Cl均增加油菜各部位Cd的含量，提高油菜的富集系数和转运系数，油菜从根到叶对Cd的转运系数最高。研究表明油菜作为Cd污染土壤的修复植物有一定安全保障。

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on Cd uptake by rape in different soil

In this paper, three different degrees of Cd contaminated soil was used as research materials. Through pot experiment, the effect of two kinds of nitrogen fertilizers of NH₄Cl and(NH₄) ₂SO₄ on the validity of soil Cd and the effects of rape absorption and transfer Cd were evaluated, and the bioaccumulation of Cd by rape was appraised to provide theoretical support for the optimized fertilization measures for rape remediation Cd contaminated soil. The results showed that,after applying NH₄Cl and(NH₄) ₂SO₄, the pH of soil was significantly reduced,(NH₄) ₂SO₄ treated soil pH was lower than that of the soil under the application of NH₄Cl treatment, the pH of non-rhizosphere soil was lower than that of rhizosphere soil in the growing period, and the pH of non-rhizosphere soil was higher than rhizosphere soil in the maturation stage. The amount of effective Cd in soil increased by applying(NH₄) ₂SO₄ and NH₄Cl. The effective Cd concentration of the (NH₄) ₂SO₄ was higher than that of NH₄Cl treatment. In the mature stage of rape, the concentration of Cd in the soil was lower than that in the growth period, and the total amount of Cd in rhizosphere soil was higher than that in the non-rhizosphere soil. The application of(NH₄) ₂SO₄ and NH₄Cl increased the Cd content in different parts of rape, increased the BCF(Biological Concentration Factor) and TF(Translocation Factor) of rape, and the TF of rape from root to leaf was the highest.