Muscovy duck reovirus infection rapidly activates host innate immune signaling and induces an effective antiviral immune response involving critical interferons |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;2. CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China;3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA;1. Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungária krt. 21, Budapest 1143, Hungary;2. University of Veterinary Medicine, István u. 2, Budapest 1078, Hungary;3. Military Medical Centre of Hungarian Defense Forces, Róbert Károly krt. 44, Budapest, 1134, Hungary;4. Ceva-Phylaxia Veterinary Biologicals Co. LTD, Szállás u. 5, Budapest 1107, Hungary;1. Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre of Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 18, Budapest H-1581, Hungary;2. United Szent István és Szent László Hospital − Clinic, Nagyvárad tér 1, Budapest 1097, Hungary;3. János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, Pécs 7622, Hungary;4. Ceva-Phylaxia Veterinary Biologicals Co. LTD, Szállás u. 5, Budapest 1107, Hungary;1. Key Laboratory for Veterinary Biotechnology of Shanghai, School of Agricuture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China;2. Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China;3. Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang 261061, Shandong, China;2. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai''an, Shandong 271018, China |
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| Abstract: | Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV) is a highly pathogenic virus in waterfowl and causes significant economic loss in the poultry industry worldwide. Because the host innate immunity plays a key role in defending against virus invasion, more and more attentions have been paid to the immune response triggered by viral infection. Here we found that the genomic RNA of MDRV was able to rapidly induce the production of interferons (IFNs) in host. Mechanistically, MDRV infection induced robust expression of IFNs in host mainly through RIG-I, MDA5 and TLR3-dependent signaling pathways. In addition, we observed that silencing VISA expression in 293T cells could significantly inhibit the secretion of IFNs. Remarkably, the production of IFNs was reduced by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB or knocking down the expression of IRF-7. Furthermore, our study showed that treatment of 293T cells and Muscovy duck embryo fibroblasts with IFNs markedly impaired MDRV replication, suggesting that these IFNs play an important role in antiviral response during the MDRV infection. Importantly, we also detected the induced expression of RIG-I, MDA5, TLR3 and type I IFN in Muscovy ducks infected with MDRV at different time points post infection. The results from in vivo studies were consistent with those in 293T cells infected with MDRV. Taken together, our findings reveal that the host can resist MDRV invasion by activating innate immune response involving RIG-I, MDA5 and TLR3-dependent signaling pathways that govern IFN production. |
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| Keywords: | Muscovy duck reovirus Interferon Pathogen-recognition receptors Innate immunity Waterfowl |
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