Divergence of a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa during an outbreak of ovine mastitis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK;2. Laboratorio di Microbiologia Molecolare e Biotecnologia, Dipartimento di Biologia Molecolare, Università di Siena, Siena, Italy;3. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Italy;4. Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Servizio Sequenziamento DNA, Policlinico, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy;5. Dip. di Biotecnologie Agrarie, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy;6. Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK;7. UOC Batteriologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy;8. Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester LES1 7RH, UK;1. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;2. School of Environmental & Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;3. The School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington, Bothell, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China;2. The Gastroenterology Tumor and Microenvironment Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China;3. Chengdu Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., PR China;1. Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Marine Fisheries Post, Mandapam Camp, 623520 Tamil Nadu, India;3. Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, 202, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC;4. Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;5. Aquatic Animal Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Surat Thani 84100, Thailand |
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| Abstract: | Bacterial infections causing mastitis in sheep can result in severe economic losses for farmers. A large survey of milk samples from ewes with mastitis in Sardinia, Italy, indicated an increasing prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. It has been shown previously that during chronic, biofilm-associated infections P. aeruginosa populations diversify. We report the phenotypic and genomic characterisation of two clonal P. aeruginosa isolates (PSE305 and PSE306) from a mastitis infection outbreak, representing distinct colony morphology variants. In addition to pigment production, PSE305 and PSE306 differed in phenotypic characteristics including biofilm formation, utilisation of various carbon and nitrogen sources, twitching motility. We found higher levels of expression of genes associated with biofilm formation (pelB) and twitching motility (flgD) in PSE305, compared to the biofilm and twitching-defective PSE306. Comparative genomics analysis revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and minor insertion/deletion variations between PSE305 and PSE306, including a SNP mutation in the pilP gene of PSE306. By introducing a wild-type pilP gene we were able to partially complement the defective twitching motility of PSE306. There were also three larger regions of difference between the two genomes, indicating genomic instability. Hence, we have demonstrated that P. aeruginosa population divergence can occur during an outbreak of mastitis, leading to significant variations in phenotype and genotype, and resembling the behaviour of P. aeruginosa during chronic biofilm-associated infections. |
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| Keywords: | Mastitis Diversity Gene expression Biofilm Strain divergence |
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