北京地区阿月浑子嫁接繁殖的研究

用引进的阿月浑子良种‘Kerman’、‘Peters’及新疆阿月浑子为穗材 ,以中国黄连木和引进良种‘UCB 1’黄连木、大西洋黄连木为砧木在北京地区进行嫁接试验 ,分析影响阿月浑子嫁接成活率的因素和嫁接树的生长情况 .8年试验结果表明 :以T 芽接嫁接成活率最高 ,接穗选用 2～ 4龄嫁接树 1年生营养枝红润饱满芽为佳 ,砧木基径或粗度在 1cm以上嫁接成活率达 80 % .嫁接时期以 8月为宜 ,此时距地面 10 0cm的气温在 2 5～ 30℃ ,空气相对湿度6 0 %～ 70 % .接穗与砧木的亲合力因品种而异 ,‘Kerman’与不同砧木的亲合力顺序为‘UCB 1’黄连木 >大西洋黄连木 >中国黄连木 ,新疆阿月浑子与砧木的亲合力顺序为中国黄连木 >‘UCB 1’黄连木 >大西洋黄连木 .

Grafting of Pistacia vera L.in Beijing

The grafting experiment with the scions from introduced P. vera cultivars including ‘Kerman' and ‘Peters' and from Xinjiang pistachio and with the rootstocks of P. chinensis,‘UCB--1’ and P. atlantica was conducted in Beijing to analyze factors influencing the survival rate of grafting and tree growth. Eight years of experiment show that :T-budding is the best one among the different grafting methods, and its survival rate is up to 80% by using one-year-old twigs with vigorous buds from 2--4- year-old mother trees as scions and using trees with base diameter more than 1 cm as rootstocks. August is the best time to bud, while the air temperature at the height of 100 cm is 25--30℃, and the relative humidity is 60%--70%. Affinity between scions and rootstocks is related to scion varieties and rootstock species,and the order of affinity between ‘Kerman' and the rootstocks is ‘UCB--1’>P. atlantica>P. chinensis, and that of the affinity between Xinjiang pistachio and the rootstocks is P.chinensis>‘UCB--1’>P. atlantica. The experiment is beneficial to the extension of P. vera by using P. chinensis as rootstocks , which is widely distributed in northern China.