杂草稻的竞争优势及耐逆性研究进展

为了有效防除杂草稻和利用杂草稻的抗逆特性，本研究分析了杂草稻在田间出苗、分蘖、生长环境、光合作用、物质积累、养分吸收利用、产量形成等方面对栽培稻的生长影响和竞争优势；概述了杂草稻在长期适应生态环境过程中形成的耐深播、耐低温、耐干旱、耐盐碱、耐重金属、抗病性等主要耐逆特性。指出了发掘杂草稻的优异特性基因资源应用于水稻遗传改良具有重要意义，研究杂草稻化感作用对合成植物源除草剂有借鉴意义。

Research Progress of Competitive Advantage and Stress Tolerance of Weedy Rice

In order to control weedy rice effectively and make use of its stress-tolerance characteristics, the effect and competitive advantages of weedy rice on cultivated rice were analyzed, including field seedling emergence, tillering, growing environment, photosynthesis, material accumulation, nutrient absorption-utilization, yield formation and so on. Major stress tolerance characteristics of weedy rice which were formed along with the long-term adaptation to the ecological environment were summarized, such as deep seeding tolerance, low temperature tolerance, drought tolerance, saline-alkali tolerance, heavy metal tolerance and disease resistance. It showed important significance to excavate the genetic resources of superior characteristics in weedy rice for future applications of rice genetic modification. Moreover, It had referential significance to study the allelopathy of weedy rice for chemical synthesis of botanical herbicide.