基于生物絮团技术的养殖系统细菌群落结构研究进展

笔者介绍了有关生物絮团细菌群落结构的研究进展，重点阐述了生物絮团形成不同阶段的细菌群落结构组成和多样性研究；分析了环境条件，即不同碳源和碳氮比(C/N)对生物絮团养殖系统水体和养殖对象肠道细菌群落结构组成和多样性的影响；并总结了生物絮团微生物群落的部分作用，包括具备脱氮功能，以及抑制病原菌的生长及繁殖。最后对生物絮团技术的发展方向进行了展望。可考虑在养殖中后期通过逐渐降低碳源添加量，将异养型生物絮团系统逐步驯化为硝化型生物絮团系统，或将该技术与生物膜技术结合运用。

The Bacterial Community Structure of Culture System Based on Biofloc Technology: A Review

The authors introduced the study of bacterial community structure of biofloc, and set forth the composition and diversity of bacterial community structure at different stages of biofloc formation in the aquaculture system. Then, we analyzed the effect of environmental conditions, including different carbon sources and carbon-nitrogen ratios (C/N), on the compositions and diversities of microbial community in the biofloc as well as in the intestine of cultured animals. Besides, the roles of microbial community of biofloc were summarized, including the function of nitrogen removal and the inhibition of pathogenic bacteria growth and reproduction. Finally, the authors looked forward to the future developments and research directions of biofloc technology. The researchers could try to study the acclimation of the heterotrophic biofloc system into a nitrifying biofloc system gradually by reducing the amount of carbon source added progressively during the middle and late stages of biofloc culture system. In addition, the combination of the biofloc technology and the biofilm technology in aquaculture system could also be demonstrated in the future by the researchers.