两种除草剂对云南秋播苦荞田除草效应及其产量的影响

为了探讨除草剂对云南秋播苦荞田的防除效果、苦荞的安全性和产量的影响,以‘云荞1号’为材料,对云南秋播苦荞田进行不除草、人工除草、化学除草(金都尔、乙草胺)苗前土壤喷雾4个处理。试验结果表明,金都尔和乙草胺除草剂对秋播荞麦田的杂草有较好的防除效果,并且金都尔除草剂对阔叶杂草的防除效果大于禾本科杂草的防除效果,而乙草胺除草剂对禾本科杂草的防除效果大于阔叶杂草的防除效果；但两种除草剂对苦荞的出苗和幼苗生长都有一定的抑制作用,并且严重影响苦荞产量。因此在生产中,以阔叶杂草为主的苦荞田建议使用金都尔除草剂、以禾本科杂草为主的苦荞田建议使用乙草胺除草剂,但尚需进一步研究防除效果好又不影响产量的适合苦荞田除草剂浓度的筛选。

Effects of Two Herbicides on Weeding and Yield of Autumn Tartary Buckwheat in Yunnan

To study the effect of herbicides on weeding, and safety and yield of tartary buckwheat in autumn sowing field in Yunnan,‘Yunqiao 1’was used as material, four treatments were conducted: no weeding, artificial weeding , chemical weeding (S-metolachlor and acetochlor) and spray on soil before seedling. The results showed that S- metolachlor and acetochlor had good control effect on weeds in autumn tartary buckwheat field, and the effect of S-metolachlor on broad leaf grass was higher than that on grassy weed; the control effect of acetochlor on grassy weed was higher than that on broad leaf grass. However, both of them inhibited the emergence and growth of tartary buckwheat seedling, and seriously affected the yield of buckwheat. Therefore, we recommend that S-metolachlor should be used for buckwheat fields dominated by broad leaf grass, and acetochlor herbicide should be used for tartary buckwheat fields dominated by grassy weed. We need further to detect and screen out the optimum concentration of herbicide for tartary buckwheat field, which has better control effect and does not affect the yield.