大鳞鲃形态特征及其相关参数分析

为深入掌握大鳞鲃(Barbus capito)生物学特性,进一步为大鳞鲃的分类和种质鉴定提供依据,利用传统形态学方法和解剖学方法,观察和测量了其外部形态特征、可量可数性状及内部组织结构特征。大鳞鲃呈梭型,身体被覆圆鳞,背面银灰色,腹面银白色,头较小,扁而宽,背鳍、胸鳍、腹鳍、臀鳍、尾鳍鳍条数分别为Ⅱ,7、15~17、8~9、6~8、20~22,侧线鳞、侧线上鳞、侧线下鳞数分别为60~75、12~14、9~12,第1鳃弓鳃耙数为17~18,脊椎骨数为46~48。利用统计分析方法建立了全长(LT)和体长(LB)之间的关系模型：LB=0.884LT-1.227(R2=0.994),体质量和体长之间的关系模型：WB=0.008 LB3.158(R2=0.974)。内部组织结构特征：口裂中等大小,咽喉齿发达,食道粗短,无胃,肠道弯曲多,较长,比肠长为2.227,比肝重为0.018,比内脏重为0.158,显示了其杂食性鱼类的消化系统的基本特征。鳃弓5对,第5对鳃弓演变成咽喉齿,鳔一个,分两室。雌雄异体,性腺一个,左右对称分布。一对“矢耳石”呈树叶型,中间厚周围薄,左右对向排列。本研究结果可为大鳞鲃的种质判别、系统分类、人工养殖和育种选育提供基础材料。

Morphological characteristics and parameters measurement of Barbus capito

To study the biological characteristics of Barbus capito and provide basic information for the taxonomy and species identification of B. capito, the external morphological characteristics, meristic and metric characteristics and internal tissue and organ B. capito are detected and measured using the traditional morphology method and anatomy method. The fish was spindle-shaped, covered with cycloid scale, and its body showed silver- gray back and silver- white abdomen. The head was small and flat. The correlation equation of total length (LT) and body length (LB) was: LB=0.884LT-1.227 (R2=0.994). The correlation equation of body weight (WB) and body length (WB) was: WB=0.008LB3.158 (R2=0.974). The mouth split was median size and the dens pharyngeal were developed. The esophagus was stubby, this fish had no stomach and the intestine was anfractuous. The 5th gill arch was turned into the dens pharyngeal. There was 1 swim bladder which was bilocellate. Bisexualism with 1 gonad, and was left-right symmetric distribution. There was a pair of leafshaped otolith, it was middle-thick and circumference-thin, and was left and right alignment.