吉林玉米带不同玉米//小麦间作模式对作物产量及水分利用率的影响

采用田间试验,设置4∶2(四垄玉米两垄小麦)、3∶2(三垄玉米两垄小麦)、2∶2(两垄玉米两垄小麦)3种不同的玉米//小麦间作模式及玉米、小麦单作共5个处理,探讨不同玉米//小麦间作模式对作物产量、水分利用率及种间竞争等方面的影响。两年试验表明,玉米//小麦间作模式与单作模式相比具有显著优势,间作处理的土地当量比(LER)均大于1。玉米//小麦间作系统中,小麦相对玉米的竞争力(Awm)均大于0。在小麦收获后,3种不同间作处理的玉米相对生长率(RGR)相比单作玉米提高显著。在作物耗水等方面,玉米//小麦的全生育期耗水量及水分利用率均高于单作。间作模式能显著增加玉米//小麦间作的子粒产量,其中2∶2处理组在产量表现等方面为最优。

Effects of Different Maize//Wheat Intercropping Systems on Crop Yield and Water Use Efficiency in Jilin Maize Belt

The paper mainly illuminated the effects of maize//wheat intercropping system on crop yield and wa-ter use efficiency, and interspecies competition was also analyzed. In this study, five cropping systems were de-signed and conducted in two years, which were 4:2(four rows of maize, two rows of wheat), 3:2(three rows of maize, two rows of wheat), 2:2(two rows of maize, two rows of wheat), mono-cropping maize and mono-cropping wheat. The results showed that three maize//wheat intercropping systems had significant advantages over the two single crop-ping patterns with their land equivalent ratio(LER) were >1 and the competitiveness of wheat relative to maize was > 0. After wheat harvest, the relative growth rates(RGR) of maize in three different intercropping systems were signifi-cantly higher than those in single cropping systems. Besides, water consumption and water use efficiency in the three maize//wheat intercropping systems were higher than those in single cropping system during whole growth peri-od. And the three intercropping modes could significantly increase grain yield, and among which, 2:2 mode was the best.