固原县上黄试验区高产人工草地建设途径与技术

本试验于1983～1985年在宁夏固原县东部山区上黄村设，点进行农林牧综合治理中，对严重退化的万亩荒山进行改良，结合大面积人工草地建设，就草种选的择、整地的方法、适宜的播期、栽培管理措施等问题进行了试验。结果表明，必须选择以抗寒、抗旱、耐瘠、产量高的沙打旺草种为主；翻耕整地是天然草场改良种草的重要措施，对于不同的地形坡度，采用机耕、畜耕、人工挖带子田三种不同的整地方式，其中机耕整地效果最好，最适宜的播种期为4～5月，最迟不应超过6月下旬，沙打旺播种深度要浅（1～1.5cm）；红豆草易受冻害，冬前应采取培土等防寒措施。在牧草的收获上，一般最少应刈割两次，适时刈割可提高牧草的适口性、利用率和产草量。

Way and Technique of Establishing High Yeild Artifitial Pasture at Shanghuang Village,Guyuan County

The experiment was done at Shanghuang village in the eastern hilly part of Guyuan county during 1983～1985. In the comprehensive agriculture-forestry-animal husbandry management,research sites were fixed,seriously deteriorated hills improved. In combination with the establishment of artifitial pasture,such problems as choice of forage species,ways of treating soil, suitable sowing date, management measurs were dealt with. The results are as follows: It is imperative to choose drought-chilling resistant, high yield species such as Astragalus huangheensis. Tillage and soil treatment are important measures in improvement of natural rangeland. According to different topograph and slope, three different cultivating measures of tillage, by use of mashine, cattle, and man-built belt-shape field were adopted, among them, mashine tillage is most desirable. Most suitable sowing date is between April and May, no later than late August for Astragalus huangheensis which sowed even in July or August can survive winter only if comprehensive management measures are ensured.The sowing depth for Astragalus huangheensis should be shallow (1～1.5). Onobrychis sativaid apt to chilling, accordingly, prior to winter, certain steps should be taken for it. As for harvest, proper mowing times (at least two times), mowing period are in favour of their use efficency, yield and other utilitses.