宁南五种灌木林蒸腾和水分利用率试验研究

1988～1990年在降水量为450mm的宁夏固原半干旱黄土区进行了蒸腾、净初级生产量和土壤水分测定。试验结果表明:刺槐、沙棘、山桃、柠条、胡枝子的水分利用率各为:2.12、1.53、1.14、0.54、0.51g/m²·mm，分别是封禁7～9年天然植被的8.8、6.4、4.8、2.3和2.1倍。五种灌木林生产lg地上干物质比天然植被少耗水3 711～1 935g。因此，在半干旱黄土区的荒坡、荒沟营造燃料、饲料和肥料灌木林，是对水分资源的有效利用。这是快速治理荒山的有效途径。本试验还提出提高灌木林水分生产力的有效措施。

AN EXPERIMENT AND STUDY ON TRANSPIRATION AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF FIVE SHRUBBERIES IN SOUTHERN NINGXlA

This experiment was carried out in semiarid Guyuan in the loess hilly region from 1988 to 1990. The annual rainfall is about 450mm in experiment area. Through experimental abservation on the transpiration, net aboveground primary production and soil moisture, the results showed that the water use efficiency of Robinia pseudoacacia,Hippophae rhamnoides, Prunus davidiana, Caragana microphylla, and Lespedeza bicolor was 2.12、1.53、1.14、0.54、0.51g/m²·mm, respectively, and they were 8.8、6.4、4.8、2.3 and 2.1 times of natural vegetation that has been closed for 7～9 years. The water consumption for producing 1g aboveground dry matter in shrubs was less 3 711～1 935 g than that of natural vegetation, So in the semiarid loess region establishing shrub forests for fuel, forage and manure is effective avenue to use effectively water resources and to speed harnessing barren hills. The effective measure for raising shrub productivity was proposed in this paper.