关帝山3种典型针叶林枯落物及林地土壤持水能力研究

通过野外选定标准地、采集样本和室内测试各项指标等手段,对关帝山3种典型针叶林枯落物蓄积量及其持水能力以及林地土壤的物理性质及其持水能力进行了测定。结果表明,3种典型针叶林的枯落物蓄积量为14.56~21.57 t/hm2;不同枯落物的最大持水率存在较大差异,华北落叶松最大,云杉次之,油松最小;受枯落物总蓄积量的影响,云杉的最大持水量最大(66.33 t/hm2),华北落叶松次之(61.98 t/hm2),油松最小(38.06 t/hm2);3种林分有效拦蓄量大小顺序为:云杉华北落叶松油松;林地土壤作为持水能力最大的一个系统,对水源涵养起到不可替代的作用,3种林地土壤的持水能力与其土层厚度、容重和孔隙度等关系密切,土壤剖面最大持水量大小顺序为:云杉华北落叶松油松。

Study on Water-holding Capacity of the Forest Litter and Soil in Three Kinds of Typical Coniferous Forest in Guandi Mountains

The forest litter,the physical properties of forest soil and their water-holding capacity of three kinds of typical coniferous were studied,through standard fields building,samples collecting standards selecting,and indexes testing in laboratory.The results showed that three kinds of typical coniferous forest litter storage capacity ranged from 14.56 t/hm2 to 21.57t/hm2; There were great differences between different litter maximum holding water rates,the order is Larix principis-rupprechtii 〉 Picea asperata 〉 Pinus tabu/iformis.Influenced by the litter storage capacitys,the litter maximum water capacity ofPicea asperata was the largest（66.33 t/hm2）,then followed by Larix principis-rupprechtii （61.98 t/hm2）and Pinus tabuliformis （38.06 t/hm2）.The modified interception capacity of three forest stands followed the order：Picea asperata 〉 Larix principis-rupprechtiia 〉 Pinus tabuliformis.Forest soil is the biggest water-holding system,whose water-holding capacity could not be replaced.It was showed that the water-holding capacity of three forest soils had close relationship with the soil thickness,bulk density and porosity.Soil maximum water-holding capacity was in the order of Picea asperata,Larix principis-rupprechtii,Pinus tabuliformis.