秋水仙碱和~(60)Coγ射线对水稻生育和诱发突变的综合效应

结合水稻品种改良,进行理化因素综合效应研究,结果表明:1.新育出的品种比老品种有更多的形态突变。2.水稻种子经秋水仙碱预浸减轻了辐射生理损伤和遗传效应。3.从M_2和M_3代出现的突变型及其分离比例情况推断种胚原体细胞的突变机理:M_1代穗可以是由原胚单个突变细胞发育而成的异质穗——非嵌合体;M_1代穗也可以是突变细胞和非突变细胞共同发育而成的异质穗——嵌合体。一个突变穗行不但可以产生一种突变类型,而且可以产生二种或二种以上的突变类型;多种突变类型也可以由单一突变细胞所发育的穗产生。4。获得一个有希望的早熟突变品系。

THE COMPOSITIVE EFFECT OF CCLHICINE AND 60CoγRAYS TO GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AS WELL AS MUTATION IN RICE INDUCING

The experimental results of compositive effects of colchicine and ~(60)Co Y rays to growth and development as well as inducing mutation in rice are reported in this paper.The main results are shown in the following aspects; 1. The newly released rice varieties produced more morphological mutations than the recommended varieties. 2. The effects of physiological injury and heredity of radiation may be reduced when the seeds of rice are pre-treated by soaking with colchicine solution. 3. Basing on the types of mutation produced in the M_1, M_2 generations, and basing on segregation ratio of mutation, could be concluded that the mechanism of mutation in the original embryo cell is as follows: M_1 generation panicle may be hetergeneous (i. e. non-mosaic) one which developed from a single mutation-cell in the original-embryo, or may be hetergenous panicle (mosaic) which developed from mutation cell and non-mutation cell. There was not only a type of mutation, but also two or more types of mutation in a paniclerow.Thus, the different types of mutation may be produced by a panicle which developed from a single mutation-cell. 4. An acceptable strain developed from the early mutation was obtained.