马铃薯测土配方3414肥效田间试验

通过马铃薯测土配方施肥肥效田间试验,以便提高马铃薯的单产,增加经济效益。试验采用"3414"完全试验设计。结果表明,在当地条件下,最佳经济施肥量N 6.04 kg/667 m2、P2O52.53 kg/667m2、K2O 9.26 kg/667 m2,最高产量为1 929 kg/667 m2。三要素比例1:0.420:1.533,肥料投入81.61/667 m2元,鲜薯产值1 735元/667 m2,施肥利润为291元/667 m2,投入产出比1:4.57。采用测土配方施肥能增加马铃薯产量,降低施肥成本,提高肥料当季利用率。氮磷钾肥合理配施,有利于增加薯重和结薯个数,增施钾肥能增加大中薯比例,提高马铃薯商品薯率。

A Field Experiment of Fertilization Based on Soil Diagnosis in a 3414 Design

A field trial offertilization was conducted in a 3414 design based on soil diagnosis in order to increase potato yield and economic return. The most economic fertilization regime was N 6.04 kg/667 m2, P2O5 2.53 kg/667 m2, and K20 9.26 kg/667 m2, with a yield of 1 929 kg/667 m2. Atthis rate of fertilization, N ： P2O5 ： K2O was 1 ： 0.420 ： 1.533; fertilizer cost was 81.61 Yuan/667 m2; output was 1 735 Yua n/667 m2; benefit from fertilization was 291Yuan/667 m2; and input and output ratio was 1 ： 4.57. Fertilization based on soil diagnosis increased potato yield, reduced production cost, and increased the in-season fertilizer use efficiency of potato. Reasonable combination of NPK fertilizers favored the tuber weight and tuber set. More potassium fertilizer application increased the large- and medium-sized potato percentage, and therefore increased the marketable potato percentage.