Response of Russet Burbank and Shepody potatoes to nitrogen fertilizer in two cropping systems |
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Authors: | G A Porter J A Sisson |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Plant, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Maine, 04469, Orono, ME
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Abstract: | Russet Burbank and Shepody potatoes were grown with at-planting N fertilizer rates ranging from 0 to 270 kg ha?1 during 1986 through 1989. Experiments were conducted each year following small grains and red clover. Total yields and tuber size were strongly increased by N on most sites where potatoes followed small grains. Specific gravities declined with increasing N rate. Total yields of Russet Burbank and Shepody were optimized at an average of 196 and 211 kg ha?1 of N, respectively, following small grains. The effect of N fertilizer on yields was much less dramatic following red clover. Total yields averaged 88% of maximum with only 45 kg ha?1 of N applied, compared to 77% of maximum for this N rate following small grains. Total yields for the two varieties were optimized at 126 and 136 kg ha?1, respectively. U.S. #1 yields were generally not increased at N rates above 45 to 90 kg ha?1 following red clover and tuber size was not increased at rates above 90 to 135 kg ha?1. Based on these studies, the N fertilizer credit for red clover grown prior to potatoes can be up to 75 kg ha?1. Maintenance of tuber quality necessitates conservative use of N fertilizer when potatoes are grown following legumes. The highest N rates tested suppressed total yields of Russet Burbank, a late-season, indeterminate variety, by approximately 9% averaged over cropping systems. |
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