6种常用杀虫剂对美洲斑潜蝇及冈崎姬小蜂的选择毒杀作用

选用６种常用杀虫剂对美洲斑潜蝇幼虫、蛹、成虫和其优势种天敌冈崎姬小蜂成蜂进行室内药效测定．结果表明：采用厂家推荐田间使用的质量分数，对美洲斑潜蝇幼虫杀虫效果（７２ ｈ 后）以威宝、虫螨克和杀虫双较好，幼虫的死亡率分别为９２．１０％ 、９１．９８％ 和８６．９４％ ；敌敌畏和乐斯本其次，幼虫死亡率为６９．０５％ 和６７．６１％ ；灭扫利效果最差，幼虫死亡率仅为４１．６５％ ．经杀虫剂处理后，蛹的羽化率降低１０．００％ ～３５．００％ ．对美洲斑潜蝇成虫的毒效（２４ ｈ 后），杀虫双、虫螨克和灭扫利造成的死亡率为１００．００％ ，威宝为９３．４０％ ，而敌敌畏和乐斯本效果较差，仅为６５．６４％ 和７２．５５％ ． ６种杀虫剂对冈崎姬小蜂成蜂击倒、触杀作用的大小顺序依次为：乐斯本≈敌敌畏＞ 杀虫双＞ 灭扫利＞ 阿维菌素类．

Toxicity of six common insecticides on Liriomyza sativae Blanchard and Neochrysocharis okazakii Kamijo

Toxicity of 6 common insecticides on the larvae, pupae, adults of female Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, and its major laval pupal parasite, Neochrysocharis okazakii Kamijo, was tested in the laboratory. The results showed that when using the mass fraction recommended for field application by the producers, Avermectins and Dimehypo had higher toxic effect on the larvae of leafminer, killing 92.10%, 91.98% and 86.94%, respectively during 72 hours; followed by Dichlorvos and Chlorpyrifos killing 69.05% and 67.61%, respectively, but Fenpropathrin only producing 41.65% kill. After dealt with insecticide, the rate of emergence of adult decreased 10.00%-35.00%. After exposed to the fresh, dry insecticide film, the Avermectins, Dimehypo and Fenpropathrin caused 100.00% kill of the female adult, Chlorpyrifos 72.55%, and Dichlorvos 65.64% in 24 hours. When adult parasites were exposed to the fresh,dry insecticide film, the rates of knock down and contact toxicity were in the decreasing order: Chlorpyrifos≈Dichlorvos > Dimehypo > Fenpropathrin > Avermectins.