向日葵幼胚培养及在育种工作的应用

把授粉后6—12天的向日葵幼胚接种在MS改良培养基(M_1、M_2)上,先在M_1固体培养基上萌动,三天后转入含0.1mg/l NAA和0.2mg/l 6BA的M_2培养基上继续培养7天,获得具有二对真叶植株,幼胚成株率达93.89％。这一幼胚培养技术应用于育种程序中,可缩短向日葵胞质雄性不育系的回交转育周期,克服远缘杂交胚的败育。BC_0—BC_5平均324天,完成一个世代平均54天。利用幼胚培养技术可缩短育种周期4—5年。

IMMATURE EMBRYO CULTURE OF SUNFLOWER AND IT APPLIED TO BREEDING PROGRAMS

An embryo culture system using two modified of MS medium was applied to produce cytoplasm male steril lines and interspecific Helianthus hybrids.For embryo germination the cultured embryo initially developed on MI medium,after three days,for seedling growth the cultured embryos were transferred to M2 medium containing 0.1mg/l NAA and 0.2mg/l 6BA for 7 days.Po-linaied 6-12 days the immature embryos developed and grew plants.The plants excited to 93.89%.The results showed that the embryo culture techniques have been used in sunflower breeding programs to decrease the cycle of back cross on Cms line,improvment and avoided embryo abortion and realized factory breeding.The average days of BC0-BC6 were 324 days and the average one generation was 54 days.This method can be decrease sunflower breeling cycle for 4-5 years.