去早果枝对转基因抗虫棉生长发育与衰老进程的调控效应

 以转基因抗虫棉品种为材料，设置了2个播期和4种去早果枝方式（去基部1个、2个、3个果枝及不去果枝的对照）处理，研究去除早期果枝对棉花生长发育及衰老进程的影响。2年结果表明，去早果枝推迟了棉花的生育进程；去掉1个早果枝处理总果枝数与对照无差异，但去掉2个、3个果枝后明显低于对照，总果节数差异不显著；去早果枝显著提高了第1播期棉花叶面积指数和干物质积累量，去1个、2个和3个果枝处理的干物质积累量在2年中平均比对照高13.5%，17.5%，19.0%，但在第2播期差异不明显；去早果枝降低了第1播期棉花脱落率和烂铃率并提高了棉花的子棉产量，脱落率在2年中平均比对照降低4.5，5.8和9.0百分点，烂铃率平均降低2.2，4.5，4.8百分点；去1个和2个果枝处理的子棉产量在2年的第1播期中比对照平均高9.6%和8.1%，但在第2播期增产不明显，甚至减产。

Effects of Early Fruiting Branch Removal on Growth,Development and Senescence Processes in Transgenic Bt Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Bt-transgenic cotton plants with two different sowing dates were treated normally (CK), or by removing one(R1), two (R2) or three basal fruiting branches(R3) to study the effects of early fruiting branch removal on growth, development and senescence processes in a two-year experiment. The results showed that the removal of early fruiting branches delayed the process of growth and development(there was no difference between R1 and CK in the total number of fruiting branches, but R2 and R3 were significantly lower than CK), but had no obvious effects on the total fruiting nodes. Early fruiting branch removal significantly increased the LAI and dry matter accumulation in plants of the first sowing date over two years(R1, R2 and R3 increased the dry matter weight on average by 13.5%, 17.5% and 19.0%, respectively, compared with CK), but there was no significant difference in plants of the second sowing date. For plants of the first sowing date, early fruiting branch removal significantly decreased the abscission and rotten boll rates and promoted seed yield over the two year period. R1, R2 and R3 decreased the abscission rate by 5.9%, 6.4% and 9.5%, respectively, and rotten boll rate by 3.8%, 3.1% and 4.3%, and the R1 and R2 treatments enhanced the seed cotton yield by 9.6% and 8.1%, respectively. There was no significant yield increase in plants of the second sowing date; there was even a decrease for some treatments.