玉米雄穗抽雄至散粉间隔时间主基因+多基因遗传模型及遗传效应

以短抽雄至散粉间隔时间玉米自交系WZ08X38和长抽雄至散粉间隔时间玉米自交系BS1074杂交获得的6个世代(P_1、P_2、F_1、B_1、B_2和F_2)株系为材料,应用植物数量性状主基因+多基因遗传模型,对玉米抽雄至散粉间隔时间进行遗传分析。结果表明,春播和夏播玉米的抽雄至散粉间隔时间的最适遗传模型分别是E-0和E-3,即2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因和2对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因。春播结果中,2对主基因加性效应值均为-0.831,显性效应值分别是-0.679和-0.025,主基因遗传率在B_1、B_2和F_2中分别为40.955%、60.657%和52.325%,多基因遗传率分别为0.002%、14.298%和25.642%,环境方差占表型方差的比例分别为59.03%、25.03%和22.02%;夏播结果中,2对主基因加性效应值分别为0.180和-0.651,主基因遗传率在B_1、B_2和F_2中分别是27.295%、26.997%和39.052%,多基因遗传率分别为0.001%、0.001%和0.001%,环境方差占表型方差的比例分别为72.74%、72.95%和60.91%。

Genetic Effects of Tassel-anthesis Interval Using Mixture Model of Major Gene plus Polygene in Maize

The mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model was used to investigate the inheritance law of tassel-anthesis interval(TAI) in maize in six generations(P₁, P₂, F₁, B₁, B₂, and F₂) derived from WZ08X38 line (with short TAI)×BS1074(with long TAI). The results showed that the TAI was respectively fitted the genetic model of E-0 and E-3, i.e., two pairs of additive-dominant-epistatic major gene plus additive-dominant-epistatic polygene model and two pairs of additive major gene plus additive-dominant polygene model. The result in spring sowing showed that the additive effects of two major genes of TAI were all -0.831, and the dominant effects of two major genes were -0.679 and -0.025, respectively. The heritability in B₁, B₂, and F₂ was 40.955%, 60.657%, and 52.325%, respectively for the major genes, and 0.002%, 14.298%, and 25.642%, respectively for the polygenes. The variance of the environment accounted for 59.03%, 25.03%, and 22.02% of the phenotypic variation of three generations, respectively. The result in summer sowing showed that the additive effects of two major genes of TAI were -0.679 and -0.025. The heritability in B₁, B₂, and F₂ was 27.295%, 26.997%, and 39.052%, respectively for the major genes, and 0.001%, 0.001%, and 0.001%, respectively for the polygenes. The variance of the environment accounted for 72.74%, 72.95%, and 60.91% of the phenotypic variation of three generations, respectively.