壳寡糖叶面喷施对玉米耐旱性的调节

针对壳寡糖持续时间不长的作用机制,本研究在自然干旱条件下多次叶面喷施不同浓度的壳寡糖,调查其对不同玉米杂交种抗旱相关生理指标、产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,在5叶期、10叶期和15叶期叶面喷施壳寡糖,叶片相对含水量均较清水对照显著提高,电导率和丙二醛含量较清水对照显著降低,吐丝期、生育期、株高、穗位高、穗行数和百粒重的影响不显著,行粒数和穗粒重较清水对照显著提高,而且以0.3%浓度壳寡糖处理的作用更为明显。由此说明,在干旱胁迫下叶面喷施壳寡糖对细胞膜具有保护作用,可通过对行粒数的影响而提高玉米产量。

Regulation Effects of Foliar Spraying with Chitosan Oligosaccharides on the Drought Tolerance of Maize

In this study, we foliar sprayed maize cultivars with COS at four concentrations in field. Experiment was conducted with two-factor randomized block design. Because of the short-acting mechanism of COS, foliar spraying was repeated at five-, ten-and fifteen-leaf stages. We investigated maize physiological indices related with drought tolerance, yield and yield components under natural drought conditions. The results showed that foliar spraying maize plant at the five-, ten-and fifteen-leaf stages with COS increased the leaf relative water content, while decreased leaf conductivity and malondialdehyde content significantly when compared with the blank control. The difference in growth period(including silking stage), plant height, ear height, row number per ear and 100-kernel weight were not significant between foliar spraying treatments and the blank control, but the kernel number per row and kernel weight per ear were increased significantly in the foliar spraying treatments than in the blank control. The effect of the 0.3% COS was the most strong among all COS solutions. In conclusion, foliar spraying of COS can protect plant cell membrane under drought stress, thus increase maize grain yield through increasing the kernel number per ear.