回流法提取山楂叶悬钩子叶片中黄酮类化合物的工艺研究

目的]采用加热回流法提取山楂叶悬钩子叶片中黄酮类化合物,筛选最佳提取工艺。方法]以乙醇作为提取剂,研究了在不同乙醇浓度、料液比、回流温度和回流时间等单因素影响下的黄酮类化合物提取得率,并在单因素试验结果的基础上设计正交试验,筛选最佳工艺条件。结果]影响黄酮类化合物得率的单因素顺序为料液比〉乙醇浓度〉回流温度〉回流时间。加热回流法提取山楂叶悬钩子叶片中黄酮类化合物的最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度70%、料液比1∶20（g/ml）、回流温度85℃,回流时间1.5 h,在此条件下黄酮类化合物的得率为9.51%。结论]加热回流法提取山楂叶悬钩子叶片中黄酮类化合物得率较高,是一种简单可行的提取工艺。

Process Research of Reflux Extraction of Flavonoids from Rubus crataegifolius Leaves

Objective] The optimum extraction conditions were studied by using reflux extraction method to extract the flavonoids from Rubus crataegifolius leaves.Method] Taking ethanol as the extractant,effects of ethanol concentration,solid-liquid ratio,reflux temperature,and reflux time on the extraction rate of flavonoids were studied.Based on the results of single factor test,orthogonal test was designed and the optimum technology condition was selected.Result] Factors affecting the extraction rate of flavonoids were in the order of solid-liquid ratio > ethanol volume fraction > reflux temperature > reflux time.The optimum extraction conditions were as lows: 70% ethanol,1∶ 20(g/ml)solid-liquid ratio,85 ℃ reflux temperature,1.5 h reflux time.Under this condition,the extraction rate of flavonoids was 9.51%.Conclusion] Reflux extraction of flavonoids from Rubus crataegifolius Leaves was simple and had relatively high extraction rate.