沙地云杉与近缘种红皮云杉和白扦遗传多样性的RAPD分析

应用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术对内蒙古沙地云杉8个居群及其近缘种红皮云杉10个居群、白扦10个居群的遗传多样性进行了研究,所用的16个随机引物在28个居群中共检测到172个位点,平均每个引物扩增带数为10.75条,其中多态位点119个,占69.19％,表现出丰富的RAPD多态性。运用Neis多样性指数(h)和Shannons多样性指数(i)估算出28个居群的遗传多样性水平,且反映出遗传变异主要存在于居群内。根据遗传距离和聚类分析,3种云杉聚为三大类,沙地云杉与白扦的亲缘关系较与红皮云杉近,表明经过漫长的进化,沙地云杉产生了较大的遗传变异,因此支持将沙地云杉划分为独立种。

RAPD Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Picea mongolica (H.Q.Wu.)W.D.Xu and its Close Relative Species P. koraiensis Nakai and P. meyeri Rehd. et Wils

The genetic diversities of 8 populations of Picea  mongolica (H.Q. Wu.)W.D.Xu, 10 populations of P. koraiensis Nakai, and 10 populations of P.meyeri Rehd.et Wils in Inner Mongolia were studied by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Using 16 random primers from 28 populations, 172 reproducible loci were yielded, of which 119 were polymorphic. The average is 10.75 per expand primer and the percentage of polymorphic loci equaled 69.19. The results showed a rich polymorphism of random amplified polymorphic DNA. The Nei's gene diversity (h) and the Shannons diversity index (i) were chosen to estimate the genetic diversity of this 28 populations, which indicated that genetic variability mainly exists in intra-populations. According to genetic distance and cluster analysis, the three species can be divided into three categories. The genetic relation of Picea mongolica (H.Q. Wu.) W.D.Xu with P. meyeri Rehd. et Wils are nearer than that with P. koraiensis Nakai, which indicates that there is a big genetic variation within Picea mongolica (H.Q. Wu.)W.D.Xu through evolution of long period time. Therefor, Picea mongolica (H.Q. Wu.)W.D.Xu could probably be classified as a separate species.