木薯同源四倍体的离体诱导及鉴定

为获得木薯新品种四倍体种质资源,以木薯主栽品种南植199组培苗单芽茎段为试验材料,利用秋水仙素诱导同源四倍体,统计不同浓度秋水仙素对外植体成活率和诱导效果的影响,并对二倍体与同源四倍体进行形态学、解剖学和生理生化方面的比较。结果表明,外植体成活率随秋水仙素浓度升高而降低,0.05~0.10 g·L^-1是秋水仙素诱导木薯同源四倍体的适宜浓度范围。本研究获得了10个同源四倍体株系和1个嵌合体株系。与二倍体木薯相比,四倍体木薯叶片增厚,叶型变宽,保卫细胞增大,叶绿素含量增加。本研究拓宽了木薯种质资源,并为诱导鉴定木薯四倍体提供了一套高效的技术方法。

In Vitro Induction and Identification of Autotetraploid Cassava

To obtain the tetraploid germplasm resources of cassava new variety, in vitro single-node axillary buds of cassava (cv. Nanzhi 199) were taken as explants to induced the autotetraploid. The effects of various concentration of colchicine on the survival rate and variation rate were investigated and the morphological characters, anatomical characters and chlorophyll content of normal and variant plants were also analyzed. The results showed that the survival rate of explants decreased with the increase of colchicine concentrations. Concentration range of 0.05~0.1 g·L^-1 was suitable for inducing autotetraploid cassava. Identification of ploidy levels by flow cytometry (FCM) showed that 10 autotetraploid and one chimeras were obtained. Compared to the original diploid plants, the tetraploid plants showed significantly difference in color, thickness and surface of leaves. Moreover, the tetraploid plants had bigger guard cells and higher chlorophyll content.